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100 years of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: Reviews and New Perspectives is a collection of articles written by some of the world's leading experts on the pregnancy hormone and cancer marker hCG. In 2019 it is difficult to ignore the effect that our understanding of hCG has had on the lives of millions of people worldwide. The hCG immunoassay, in one form or another, is now one of the most common medical tests conducted and is often the first indication that a mother-to-be is pregnant. Not only a marker of pregnancy, hCG is utilized in the diagnosis and monitoring in oncology and presents a potential target for novel cancer therapeutics. 100 years ago, in 1919, Hirose was demonstrating gonadotropic functions which resulted from a chorionic factor. Over the last century this factor has become defined as hCG and more recently explored as not one molecule but a group of molecules with variable structure and variable functions in both pregnancy and cancer. hCG is a multi-faceted molecule that has clinical and therapeutic implications but can be a challenging topic for researchers and physicians alike. This text covers the different structures and functions of hCG exploring the genes and evolution of the molecule, the different protein and glycosylation structures which can exist and their effect on structure, detection and quantification. 100 Years of hCG is not an attempt to recount the history of every publication on hCG, but rather a collection of reviews and new perspectives by "hCG-ologists", the term used by Hussa to describe biochemists working on HCG in the first book written on the topic over 30 years ago. Some of the authors have been around a while, some not so long, but others are just beginning their journey with a most beguiling molecule. Provides updated information on a complex and changing subject in five sections Reviews historical perspectives and developments over the last 100 years Includes novel insights into the structure, function and detection of hCG in pregnancy and cancer Includes chapters on the use of mass spectrometry to detect and quantify hCG as well as traditional immunoassays and over the counter pregnancy tests Describes the role of hCG in pregnancy, endometrial receptivity and embryo implantation and the use in fertility treatment Addresses the specific hyperglycosylated hCG test that can distinguish a normal term from a failing pregnancy and also screen for preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in pregnancy as well as its use as a marker and treatment target in cancer. Includes chapters on the development and use of hCG vaccines Includes a section on hCG and in subunits in cancer

Human Gonadotropins is a must-have reference for basic science researchers looking to maximize their knowledge in this specific field of study. Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and human chorionic gonadotropin are essential for reproduction and outlined in detail in this work, covering topics ranging from antibodies and immunoassays, to commercial products and standards, genetics, and receptors and intermediaries for gonadotropins. Dr. Laurence Cole has been recognized for his outstanding research throughout his illustrious career. He has received awards from the Institute for Anticancer Research, Biannual Prize for best research; American Association for Clinical Chemistry, Most Outstanding Research Contributor to Clinical Chemistry Prize; Gynecology Oncology, Outstanding Speaker Award; and International Society for Study of Trophoblastic Disease, Gold Medal for most outstanding research. This detailed resource compiles all the recent research together into one volume, with one consistent voice. Covers the evolution, structure, synthesis, and functions of gonadotropins in meticulous detail Includes sections on Degradation, Antibodies and Immunoassays, Commercial Products and Standards, and Receptors and Intermediaries Details a section on Reproduction and Cancer, covering gestational trophoblastic diseases, ovarian cystic disorders, and hCG and cancer

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy by the embryo. It promotes progesterone production by corpus luteal cells. It also functions in pregnancy to promote angiogenesis in uterine vasculature, it immuno-blands the invading placental tissue so it is not rejected by the maternal uterine tissues, promotes the growth of the uterus in line with the growth of the fetus, promotes the differentiation of growing cytotrophoblast cells, promotes the quiescence of contractions in the uterine myometrium during the course of pregnancy, and also has function in growth and development of fetal organs. The first edition described the detailed biology, clinical chemistry, and clinical perspectives of hCG and associated molecules, and examines hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and hCG free ß-subunit, 3 separate and independent molecules with totally sovereign physiological functions. The second edition will include coverage of the many new discoveries that have been made in the last five years: hCG analogues may be the actual driving signal of all human cancers. The editor estimates that 40% of the out of date material will be excluded and replaced with 40% of the exciting new findings. The book will also have a much clearer pregnancy and cancer focus. It provides comprehensive information on hCG from basic science to clinical medicine The second edition will include coverage of the many new discoveries that have been made in the last five years Updated material with new findings in the field

In September of 1977 scientists from many countries met at the Asticou Inn in Maine to present and discuss papers written especially for this monograph. The presentations were informal and directed to the special interests of the audience in order to generate discussions. The authors, many of whom are pioneers and leaders in their field, then had the oppor tunity to revise their contributions, which were brought together with the edited discussions to form this volume. The basic research studies presented here are important because of the essential role of gonadotropins in regulating the ovary and testis. This monograph will therefore be of interest to those concerned with fertility regulation, population control, possible new methods for contraception, and to those concerned with reproduction in domestic animals. Re searchers in other fields may find this monograph useful, as it has been de termined that gonadotropins are secreted by many tumors and are im plicated in many cancers. Human choriogonadotropin also seems to be found in most, if not all, cells of the human body. The significance of this, however, is unknown.

Gonadotropins: From Bench Side to Bedside, the latest volume in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, focuses on all aspects of gonadotropins, from research to treatment. Contains contributions from leading authorities on the topic Publishes cutting-edge reviews in molecular biology Informs and updates on all the latest developments available regarding the research of gonadotropins

How does one learn to stimulate ovulation? Often by oneself, when there is no opportunity to benefit from a mentor’s experience. But options abound regarding the evaluation strategy, protocol design, gonadotropin preparations, posology, treatment duration, and when and how to trigger ovulation. Proper, safe stimulation requires critical anticipation of ovarian reactions. There seems to be little evidence-based consensus in the field of ovarian stimulation. Though they all face the same situation, there seem to be nearly as many procedures as there are clinicians in the field; as a result, approaches may vary within a given fertility center or even in the same team. Even though efforts have been made to arrive at a general consensus, the basic guidelines are often reinterpreted according to individual inclinations; hence the need to turn to experience-based decisions. This book is based on the author’s experience gathered over forty years and more than 30,000 cycles of classical and IVF ovulation stimulations, particularly the thousand most recent cycles that resulted in a clinical pregnancy. It is not intended as a “perfect solution”, as other approaches certainly remain valid. Rather, the book presents the author’s own analysis and insights gained from managing thousands of stimulation cycles.

The main scope of the present dissertation was to develop and test single-chain gonadotropin analogs in sheep. Recombinant single-chain gonadotropin analogs were generated by transfecting Chinese Hamster Ovary cells with a recombinant DNA in which the [alpha] subunit and the [beta] subunit genes of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were genetically fused in tandem. The first study was conducted to assess the superovulatory response of ewe lambs treated with the human single-chain gonadotropin with FSH activity at different times relative to the removal of progesterone implant. The minimum superovulatory dose was 1.25 IU/kg of body weight and ewes treated three days prior to the progesterone withdrawn had greater superovulatory responses than the ones receiving the same treatments at the time of removal of progesterone implants. The objectives of study 2 were to determine the half-life and potency of the ovine-based single-chain gonadotropin with FSH and LH activity. Ewes received ovine or human single chain gonadotropins. Control animals received vehicle alone. In the control animals, serum concentrations of FSH, LH, estradiol and progesterone were maintained at basal levels. Ovulation and formation of corpora lutea were evident in gonadotropin-treated animals, but not in the control animals. Ovarian weight, total number of follicles (>4mm) and total number of corpora lutea were not different among animals receiving ovine or human chimeric gonadotropins but were significantly increased relative to values in control animals. The objective of experiment 3 was to assess the immunogenicity of the ovine or human gonadotropin analogs during repeated administration. Animals received an injection of human or ovine based single-chain gonadotropin with FSH and LH activity at monthly intervals for 4 months. A significant immune response was noted in animals repeatedly treated with the human-based, but not the ovine-based, gonadotropin. In conclusion, human and ovine dually active chimeric gonadotropins are effective in inducing follicular development in ewe lambs and may be a safe and effective alternative to tissue derived gonadotropins in assisted reproductive techniques in livestock species.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is produced during pregnancy by the embryo. It promotes progesterone production by corpus luteal cells. It also functions in pregnancy to promote angiogenesis in uterine vasculature, it immuno-blands the invading placental tissue so it is not rejected by the maternal uterine tissues, promotes the growth of the uterus in line with the growth of the fetus, promotes the differentiation of growing cytotrophoblast cells, promotes the quiescence of contractions in the uterine myometrium during the course of pregnancy, and also has function in growth and development of fetal organs. The book describes the detailed biology, clinical chemistry, and clinical perspectives of hCG and associated molecules, and examines hCG, hyperglycosylated hCG and hCG free ß-subunit, 3 separate and independent molecules with totally sovereign physiological functions. It provides comprehensive information on hCG from basic science to clinical medicine Written by specialists in the field

Most issues include Current bibliography index of mammalian reproduction.