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Nanodiamonds: Applications in Biology and Nanoscale Medicine highlights the translation of nanodiamonds toward clinical relevance and medical applications. Integrating a spectrum of internationally-recognized experts currently developing these technologies, this book fits as a cornerstone of this exciting field. These include contributions from clinician scientists working at the interface of medicine and nanotechnologies which discuss the critical and requisite properties of nanomaterials, in a concise and cohesive manner. Nanodiamonds: Applications in Biology and Nanoscale Medicine provides a multidisciplinary overview of nanodiamonds and there uses for scientific, engineering and clinical audiences alike.

Nanodiamonds: Advanced Material Analysis, Properties and Applications illustrates the complementarity of specific techniques to fully characterize nanodiamonds from their diamond core (crystalline structure, defects, sp2 carbon, impurities, strain) to their surface (surface chemistry, stability of surface groups, reactivity, surface charge, colloidal properties). The relationship between physical and chemical parameters sits at the heart of what this book is about. Recent advances in the synthesis of nanodiamonds either by HPHT or detonation are covered, along with extended characterization of the core and surface of nanodiamonds, focusing on the most advanced experimental tools developed for nanoscale diagnosis. Each technique presented includes presentation of both principles and applications. This combination of advanced characterizations offers readers a better understanding of the relationship that exists between physical and chemical parameters of nanodiamonds and their properties. In particular, the role of structural defects or chemical impurities is illustrated. Toxicity of nanodiamonds for cells is also discussed, as It is an essential issue for their bioapplications. Final sections in the book cover the main promising new advances and applications of nanodiamonds, the formation of hybrids, and their use in polymer and oil composites. Provides a focused analysis of the relationship between the physical, chemical parameters, and properties of nanodiamonds Allows the reader to better understand the material characterization of nanodiamonds and how they can be most successfully used Presents R&D scientists and engineers with the information they need to understand how nanodiamonds can be used to create more efficient products Includes novel applications, for example, the formation of hybrids based on nanodiamonds, that are covered in detail

A comprehensive overview of detonation nanodiamond particles produced by detonation of carbon-containing explosives, this book discusses the technology of synthesis and the effect of various technological parameters on the structure and physicochemical properties of nanodiamonds. It explores the possibilities of targeted chemical modification of the surface, describes methods of structural modification of nanodiamonds aimed at obtaining nanographite, analyzes the various methods employed in studies of nanodiamonds as a carbon nanostructure, and suggests and explores at length the potential of nanodiamond application in technology and medicine.

Cory Doctorow's Attack Surface is a standalone novel set in the world of New York Times bestsellers Little Brother and Homeland. Most days, Masha Maximow was sure she'd chosen the winning side. In her day job as a counterterrorism wizard for an transnational cybersecurity firm, she made the hacks that allowed repressive regimes to spy on dissidents, and manipulate their every move. The perks were fantastic, and the pay was obscene. Just for fun, and to piss off her masters, Masha sometimes used her mad skills to help those same troublemakers evade detection, if their cause was just. It was a dangerous game and a hell of a rush. But seriously self-destructive. And unsustainable. When her targets were strangers in faraway police states, it was easy to compartmentalize, to ignore the collateral damage of murder, rape, and torture. But when it hits close to home, and the hacks and exploits she’s devised are directed at her friends and family--including boy wonder Marcus Yallow, her old crush and archrival, and his entourage of naïve idealists--Masha realizes she has to choose. And whatever choice she makes, someone is going to get hurt. At the Publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management Software (DRM) applied.

The most comprehensive reference on fluorescent nanodiamond physical and chemical properties and contemporary applications Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have drawn a great deal of attention over the past several years, and their applications and development potential are proving to be manifold and vast. The first and only book of its kind, Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is a comprehensive guide to the basic science and technical information needed to fully understand the fundamentals of FNDs and their potential applications across an array of domains. In demonstrating the importance of FNDs in biological applications, the authors bring together all relevant chemistry, physics, materials science and biology. Nanodiamonds are produced by powerful cataclysmic events such as explosions, volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts. They also can be created in the lab by high-pressure high-temperature treatment of graphite or detonating an explosive in a reactor vessel. A single imperfection can give a nanodiamond a specific, isolated color center which allows it to function as a single, trapped atom. Much smaller than the thickness of a human hair, a nanodiamond can have a huge surface area that allows it to bond with a variety of other materials. Because of their non-toxicity, nanodiamonds may be useful in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and gene therapy. The most comprehensive reference on a topic of rapidly increasing interest among academic and industrial researchers across an array of fields Includes numerous case studies and practical examples from many areas of research and industrial applications, as well as fascinating and instructive historical perspectives Each chapter addresses, in-depth, a single integral topic including the fundamental properties, synthesis, mechanisms and functionalisation of FNDs The first book published by the key patent holder with his research group in the field of FNDs Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is an important working resource for a broad range of scientists and engineers in industry and academia. It will also be a welcome reference for instructors in chemistry, physics, materials science, biology and related fields.

Advances and Avenues in the Development of Novel Carriers for Bioactives and Biological Agents provides sound data on the utility of biological and plant-based drugs and describes challenges faced in all aspects offering indispensable strategies to use in the development of bioactive medicines. Bioactive based medications are commonly used throughout the world and have been recognized by physicians and patients for their therapeutic efficacy. Bioactive formulations, including their subordinates and analogs, address 50% of all medicines in clinical practice. Novel bioactive medicine transporters can cure many disorders by both spatial and transitory approaches and have various justifications in medicinal potential. This book presents information on the utility of natural, plant, animal and bioengineered bioactive materials. It is a fundamental source of information and data for pharmacognosists, pharmaceutical analysts, drug transport scientists and pharmacologists working in bioactive medications.

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study on carbon nanodiamonds (NDs) using Raman and DAC experimentation and ab initio calculations. Our calculations confirm the surface reconstruction to a fullerene-like structure, and indicate compression of the diamond core, producing an estimated internal pressure of 50 GPa. Quantum molecular dynamics simulations of hypervelocity collisions of NDs show that upon collision, shock-induced amorphization first occurs, followed by complete disruption of the ND surface and ejection of reactive particles into the vacuum. Raman spectra of oxidized ND samples at increasing pressures showed a subtle increase in the vibrational intensity of the Raman feature centered near 1335 cm-1 near 18 GPa and continued under subsequent pressure increases. The intensification of this vibrational feature is consistent with a thinning of the amorphous carbon outer shell, which results in greater exposure to the diamond core with increasing pressure and may be a precursor to Structural Bond Energy Release (SBER) initiation. Additionally, a nearly twofold increase in the vibrational intensity of the sp2 graphite peak centered near 1630 cm-1 in the spectra of the oxidized nanodiamond sample suggests the possibility of a sluggish partial phase transition from sp3 hybridized diamond to sp2 hybridized graphite.

Annotation These proceedings from the May-June 2000 conference in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming feature 32 full papers and 51 posters on the stellar structure of the galaxy, dust in the galaxy, the cool interstellar medium, the warm interstellar medium, very low-mass stars, evolved stars, dust and debris disks, and future prospects for research. An abstract is provided for each paper, and many contributors illustrate their findings with diagrams, graphs, or other images. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

In this thesis two main approaches to extend the capabilities of diamond nanoparticles as nanoscale sensors are investigated. Firstly, we discuss a fabrication process developed to produce nanodiamonds with controlled crystal properties, shape, size, and nitrogen-vacancy center placement and density. We show that these accomplishments are conducive to enhanced photoluminescence properties and bulk-like spin coherence times. We additionally demonstrate that, thanks to their precisely controlled geometry, the nanoparticles can be optically trapped within a microfluidic system and behave as highly stable, contactless nanoprobes in solution.

"This volume focuses on natural and anthropogenic environmental contaminants and their implications for human health and the environment." --Cover.

PerspectivesIntroductionNanoscience and Nanotechnology-The DistinctionHistorical PerspectivesAdvanced MaterialsTools of NanoNature's Take on Nano and the Advent of Molecular BiologyThe Nano PerspectiveSocietal Implications of NanoIntroduction to Societal IssuesEthical ImplicationsLegal ImplicationsEnvironmental ImplicationsPublic PerceptionFuture of Nanotechnology NanotoolsCharacterization MethodsCharacterization of NanomaterialsElectron Probe MethodsScanning Probe Microscopy MethodsSpectroscopic MethodsNonradiative and Nonelectron Characterization MethodsFabrication MethodsFabrication of Nano.